The Geek Stuff posted a tutorial about setting up Apache Hadoop Pseudo Distributed Mode on a Single Node

Apache Hadoop Pseudo-distributed mode installation helps you to simulate a multi node installation on a single node. Instead of installing hadoop on different servers, you can simulate it on a single server.

Before you continue, make sure you understand the hadoop fundamentals, and have tested the standalone hadoop installation.

  How To Install Apache Hadoop Pseudo Distributed Mode on a Single Node